civilisation-history
Born 1708, died 1757. Consolidated political power, maintained internal stability, fostered monastic education.
7th Dalai Lama, Kelzang Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1935, present. Fled Tibet 1959; Nobel Peace Prize 1989; advocates Tibetan autonomy, human rights, global compassion.
14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1876, died 1933. Modernized Tibet, established formal government, managed international relations amid colonial pressures.
13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1857, died 1875. Emphasized sovereignty, internal stability, and administrative reforms during a peaceful reign.
12th Dalai Lama, Trinley Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1617, died 1682. First to hold full spiritual and temporal power; oversaw Potala Palace construction; unified Tibet politically.
5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1838, died 1856. Guided Tibet through political challenges, focused on education and religious scholarship.
11th Dalai Lama, Khedrup Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1391, died 1474. Founder of the Gelug school, promoted monastic education, Buddhist teachings, and established the Dalai Lama lineage.
1st Dalai Lama, Gendün Drub
civilisation-history
Born 1816, died 1837. Scholar and builder; repaired Potala Palace; died young, limiting political influence.
10th Dalai Lama, Tsultrim Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1543, died 1588. First to receive the title “Dalai Lama” from Altan Khan; expanded Gelug influence into Mongolia.
3rd Dalai Lama, Sonam Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1475, died 1542. Strengthened Gelug institutions, traveled extensively teaching Buddhism, consolidated religious influence in Tibet.
2nd Dalai Lama, Gendün Gyatso