civilisation-history
Born 1758, died 1804. Promoted cultural activities, strengthened central authority, oversaw construction projects, maintained relative peace.
8th Dalai Lama, Jamphel Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1838, died 1856. Guided Tibet through political challenges, focused on education and religious scholarship.
11th Dalai Lama, Khedrup Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1876, died 1933. Modernized Tibet, established formal government, managed international relations amid colonial pressures.
13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1805, died 1815. Short reign, limited political impact, focused on religious studies.
9th Dalai Lama, Lungtok Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1935, present. Fled Tibet 1959; Nobel Peace Prize 1989; advocates Tibetan autonomy, human rights, global compassion.
14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1475, died 1542. Strengthened Gelug institutions, traveled extensively teaching Buddhism, consolidated religious influence in Tibet.
2nd Dalai Lama, Gendün Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1617, died 1682. First to hold full spiritual and temporal power; oversaw Potala Palace construction; unified Tibet politically.
5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1391, died 1474. Founder of the Gelug school, promoted monastic education, Buddhist teachings, and established the Dalai Lama lineage.
1st Dalai Lama, Gendün Drub
civilisation-history
Born 1683, died 1706. Known for poetry and songs; reign marked by political tension and mysterious disappearance.
6th Dalai Lama, Tsangyang Gyatso
civilisation-history
Born 1816, died 1837. Scholar and builder; repaired Potala Palace; died young, limiting political influence.
10th Dalai Lama, Tsultrim Gyatso